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Calculate stature estimation according to: Raxter el al 2008.

Source: R/raxter_etal_2008.R
raxter_etal_2008.Rd

Stature estimation (mm) based on the hierarchy of different regression calculations, separated by sex, based on Egyptian skeletal sample consists of 63 adult males and 37 adult females (Raxter el al 2008).

Bone measures used in hierarchical order of correlation (r):

  • male: Fem1+Tib1a, Fem2+Tib1a, Tib1a, Tib1b, Fem1, Fem2, Hum1+Rad1, Hum1, Rad1

  • female: Tib1b, Tib1a, Fem2+Tib1b, Fem1+Tib1a, Fem2, Fem1, Hum1, Hum1+Rad1, Rad1

The addition of individual bone measurements is performed during the calculation. If bone measures for left and right are provided the mean value will be used, but for statistic information 2 bones will be counted (n_measures). If sex is indet. the mean of male and female stature estimation is given. The authors do not mention, if the mean of all regressions is used or the first possible stature estimation according to hierarchical order of correlation. As the authors discuss the correlation and refere to the work of Trotter & Gleser a hierarchical order is supposed (s. Siegmund 2010, p. 20). As correlation within male and females is highly different and provides a sex specific order of regressions the stature of individuals with indeterminated sex (indet.) is calculated by the mean of both at each rank mentioning all bone measures used and the sum of n_measures.

Returns a data.frame with:

  • ind: individual identifyer (rownames),

  • sex: as provided for calculation: m, f, indet.

  • stature: estimated on the provided sex and bone measures,

  • bone (measure(s)): bones used for calculation,

  • if_female (stature): columns with alternative stature for three sex classes,

  • if_male (stature),

  • if_indet. (stature) and

  • n_measures: number of bone measures included: e.g. 2 Fem2 (left, right) + 1 Tib1

Usage

raxter_etal_2008(df)

Arguments

df

data.frame of type statuaar_data_table, containing informations on individual, bone and measurement.

Value

data.frame with calculated stature and related information per individual.

References

Raxter MH, Ruff CB, Azab A, Erfan M, Soliman M, El-Sawaf A (2008). “Stature estimation in ancient Egyptians: A new technique based on anatomical reconstruction of stature.” American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 136(2), 147–155. ISSN 1096-8644. doi:10.1002/ajpa.20790 . https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajpa.20790.

Siegmund F (2010). Die Körpergröße der Menschen in der Ur- und Frühgeschichte Mitteleuropas und ein Vergleich ihrer anthropologischen Schätzmethoden. Books on Demand, Norderstedt. ISBN 978-3-8391-5314-7.

Trotter M, Gleser GC (1952). “Estimation of stature from long bones of American Whites and Negroes.” American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 10(4), 463–514. ISSN 1096-8644. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330100407 . https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajpa.1330100407.

Trotter M, Gleser GC (1977). “Corrigenda to “estimation of stature from long limb bones of American Whites and Negroes,” American Journal Physical Anthropology (1952).” American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 47(2), 355–356. ISSN 1096-8644. doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330470216 . https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajpa.1330470216.

Author

Christoph Rinne crinne@ufg.uni-kiel.de

Hendrik Raese h.raese@ufg.uni-kiel.de

Examples

# Read example dataset into a data frame.
# Raxter et al. compare their data with Trotter & Gleser 1952 (Black)
x <- statuAAR::TrotterGleser1952
x <- x[x$Race == "Black", ]

# Create & check the data frame of mesures concordance for Trotter & Gleser 1952
measures.concordance <- create.measures.concordance()
measures.concordance[measures.concordance$own != "",]
#>    short      long  own
#> 1   Fem1   Femur.1  Fem
#> 10  Hum1 Humerus.1  Hum
#> 19  Rad1  Radius.1  Rad
#> 28  Tib1   Tibia.1  Tib
#> 37  Uln1    Ulna.1 Ulna

dl.tgb <- statuAAR::prep.statuaar.data(x, d.form = "wide", ind = "Appendix_row",
                                       sex = "Sex", measures.names = "own", stats = FALSE)

# Calculate stature estimation using a given formula.
# (Present: Tib1, required: Tib1a)
# Retrieve the first element of the list and display the first 6 lines.
statuAAR::getStature(c("ra08"), dl.tgb)[[1]] |> head(6)
#>      sex stature bone if_female if_male if_indet n_measures
#> 2_1    m    1513 Fem1      1475    1513     1494          1
#> 2_10   m    1610 Fem1      1576    1610     1593          1
#> 2_11   m    1619 Fem1      1585    1619     1602          1
#> 2_12   m    1630 Fem1      1597    1630     1614          1
#> 2_13   m    1641 Fem1      1609    1641     1625          1
#> 2_14   m    1653 Fem1      1621    1653     1637          1
# raxter_etal_2008(dl.tgb) # The alternative.